А как называется дерево на переднем плане? Снизу специально обрезают?

Trees are not a part of my specialty or interest. All I know is that 12 years later the tree is still there and you can see its evolution.

https://goo.gl/maps/JsqSaHXf9oWrmrCp6

The only thing I can tell you is that with the (re)construction of streets there is much more consideration (about everything, also trees) than in the past. As far as trees are concerned, the road authority is now opting everywhere for trees that are known not to grow quickly in size, nor to create inconvenient waste. Japanese cherry trees, oak trees... were once popular, but are no longer used along the streets for those very reasons. But I do not know exactly which tree this is.